HIV Scientists Make a Major Discovery Towards Treatment and Cure艾滋病毒的科學家做出重大發現對治療與防治
In a move that has stunned HIV experts, German scientists reported yesterday that they had engineered an enzyme that attacked the DNA of the HIV virus, and cut it out of the infected cell.在此舉震驚了艾滋病毒專家，德國科學家昨天報導說，他們設計的一種酶攻擊的DNA艾滋病毒，並切割出被感染細胞。
Until now, HIV research had focused on improving ways to stop infection spreading, thereby postponing the onset of AIDS, when opportunistic infections overwhelm the body’s damaged immune system.到現在，艾滋病病毒研究的重點是改進方式，以阻止禽流感蔓延，從而推遲發病的艾滋病，當機會性感染，壓倒身體的損壞免疫系統。
Other areas of research, more hypothetically, are seeking a vaccine to prevent infections taking hold in the first place.其它的研究領域，更可以想像，正在尋求一種疫苗，以防止感染把握擺在首位。 Rooting out established infections had been thought of as next to impossible.從根本上確立感染已經想到明年是不可能的。
Cutting HIV out of infected cells had been dismissed as a distant dream because the virus is so good at hiding itself.切割出的艾滋病毒感染的細胞已被革職，是一個遙遠的夢，因為該病毒是如此善於隱藏自己。 As a retrovirus, HIV splices itself into the host cell’s DNA — meaning it is inextricably linked to the person it has infected.作為一個逆轉錄病毒，艾滋病毒接合本身到宿主細胞的DNA -意思是密不可分的，以該人已被感染。
The infected cell can remain in a latent state, when it is all but undetectable by the body’s defence mechanisms, or it can become active.被感染的細胞，可以留在潛伏狀態時，它的全部，但undetectable由身體的防禦機制，或者它可以成為活躍。 When activated, the infected cell turns into a factory for making more viral copies, killing the cell in the process.當被激活時，受感染的細胞都變成了一間工廠，為使更多的病毒副本，殺死細胞，在這個過程。 The new copies go out to infect other cells.新的副本出去感染其他細胞。
What makes HIV so pernicious is that it targets the immune cells that co-ordinate the body’s fight against invaders.是什麼使艾滋病毒如此惡毒的是，它的目標是免疫細胞統籌機構的打擊侵略者。
While existing anti-retroviral drugs are effective at stopping the virus from replicating, they cannot root out the viral DNA, meaning that replication takes off again if patients try coming off the medications.雖然現有的抗逆轉錄病毒藥物，能有效地阻止病毒的複製，他們不可能從根本上該病毒DNA ，這意味著複製起飛再次，如果病人嘗試來關閉藥物。
In the German experiments, the enzyme recognised sections of infected cell DNA as belonging to HIV, and cut it out.在德國的實驗中，酶認可路段受感染細胞的DNA屬於艾滋病毒，並降低它的運作情況。 The enzyme, Tre recombinase, eliminated the virus from the infected cells in about three months.這種酶tre重組，杜絕了病毒從被感染的細胞，在3個月左右。
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